{"id":1753,"date":"2024-01-23T09:08:40","date_gmt":"2024-01-23T09:08:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gazetteer-day.com\/?p=1753"},"modified":"2024-01-23T09:08:40","modified_gmt":"2024-01-23T09:08:40","slug":"umela-inteligence-vysvetlila-predstavivost","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gazetteer-day.com\/?p=1753","title":{"rendered":"Um\u011bl\u00e1 inteligence vysv\u011btlila p\u0159edstavivost"},"content":{"rendered":"

V\u011bdci z University College London (UCL) vysv\u011btlili, jak je lidsk\u00fd mozek schopen p\u0159edstavivosti a jakou roli v n\u00ed hraje epizodick\u00e1 pam\u011b\u0165. Podle studie zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e9 v \u010dasopise Nature Human Behaviour se nervov\u00e9 procesy zodpov\u011bdn\u00e9 za tyto funkce siln\u011b podobaj\u00ed pr\u00e1ci um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence – tr\u00e9novan\u00e9 generativn\u00ed neuronov\u00e9 s\u00edti schopn\u00e9 vytv\u00e1\u0159et nov\u00e9 obrazy.<\/p>\n

Je zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee epizodick\u00e1 pam\u011b\u0165 obsahuje autobiografick\u00e9 z\u00e1\u017eitky, v\u010detn\u011b informac\u00ed o jejich \u010dase a m\u00edst\u011b, zat\u00edmco s\u00e9mantick\u00e1 pam\u011b\u0165 se t\u00fdk\u00e1 faktick\u00fdch znalost\u00ed. P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 se, \u017ee epizodick\u00e1 pam\u011b\u0165 se uskute\u010d\u0148uje d\u00edky dlouhodob\u00e9 potencionalizaci neuron\u016f v hipokampu, kdy doch\u00e1z\u00ed k zes\u00edlen\u00ed synaptick\u00e9ho p\u0159enosu sign\u00e1lu mezi nervov\u00fdmi bu\u0148kami. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 je konstruktivn\u00ed, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee pam\u011b\u0165 je sp\u00ed\u0161e rekonstrukc\u00ed minul\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti ne\u017e jej\u00ed vytr\u017eenou kopi\u00ed.
\n
\nHipokampus je oblast\u00ed, kde vzpom\u00ednky vznikaj\u00ed, ale procesem zvan\u00fdm konsolidace syst\u00e9m\u016f, kter\u00fd prob\u00edh\u00e1 v klidu, se p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed do nekortexu. Soub\u011b\u017en\u011b prob\u00edh\u00e1 proces zvan\u00fd s\u00e9mantizace, p\u0159i n\u011bm\u017e jsou n\u011bkter\u00e9 vzpom\u00ednky p\u0159evedeny do abstraktn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed reprezentace. Mechanismy epizodick\u00e9 rekonstrukce a jej\u00ed vztah k s\u00e9mantick\u00e9 pam\u011bti v\u0161ak nejsou dob\u0159e zn\u00e1my.<\/p>\n

Na z\u00e1klad\u011b nov\u00e9 studie v\u011bdc\u016f z Institutu kognitivn\u00ed neurov\u011bdy na UCL se p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee konsolidovan\u00e9 vzpom\u00ednky maj\u00ed podobu generativn\u00ed neuronov\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b, kter\u00e1 detekuje statistick\u00e9 vzorce v datech a je schopna vytv\u00e1\u0159et nov\u00e1 data. Neuronov\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b, jako je GPT nebo Midjourney, mohou nap\u0159\u00edklad generovat texty nebo obr\u00e1zky zv\u00ed\u0159at.
\n
\nV experimentech byly pou\u017eity neuronov\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b modeluj\u00edc\u00ed hipokampus a neokortex. \u00dalohu hipokampu hr\u00e1la autoasociativn\u00ed neuronov\u00e1 s\u00ed\u0165, kter\u00e1 je vycvi\u010dena tak, aby vytv\u00e1\u0159ela stejn\u00e1 data, jak\u00e1 jsou p\u0159iv\u00e1d\u011bna na jej\u00ed vstupy. Data z t\u00e9to s\u00edt\u011b byla pou\u017eita k tr\u00e9nov\u00e1n\u00ed generativn\u00edch neuronov\u00fdch s\u00edt\u00ed – varia\u010dn\u00edch autoenkod\u00e9r\u016f. Hipokamp\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165 zak\u00f3dovala deset tis\u00edc obr\u00e1zk\u016f jednoduch\u00fdch sc\u00e9n a neokortik\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165 pou\u017eila zak\u00f3dovan\u00e9 informace k znovuvytvo\u0159en\u00ed sc\u00e9n v podob\u011b v\u00fdstupn\u00ed aktivity neuron\u016f.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdsledky studie ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee lidsk\u00fd mozek je schopen vytv\u00e1\u0159et vysoce efektivn\u00ed konceptu\u00e1ln\u00ed reprezentace sc\u00e9n, kter\u00e9 odr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed jejich v\u00fdznam (nap\u0159. um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed objekt\u016f), a nikoliv k\u00f3dovat ka\u017ed\u00fd detail. To umo\u017e\u0148uje jak znovuvytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed star\u00fdch sc\u00e9n, tak generov\u00e1n\u00ed sc\u00e9n zcela nov\u00fdch, co\u017e je podstatou p\u0159edstavivosti. Tento model tak\u00e9 vysv\u011btluje, jak mohou b\u00fdt sc\u00e9ny generov\u00e1ny p\u0159i pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed budoucnosti a pro\u010d st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed vzpom\u00ednky \u010dasto obsahuj\u00ed zkreslen\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V\u011bdci z University College London (UCL) vysv\u011btlili, jak je lidsk\u00fd mozek schopen p\u0159edstavivosti a jakou roli v n\u00ed hraje epizodick\u00e1 pam\u011b\u0165. Podle studie zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e9 v \u010dasopise Nature Human Behaviour se…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1760,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nUm\u011bl\u00e1 inteligence vysv\u011btlila p\u0159edstavivost - gazetteer-day.com<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/gazetteer-day.com\/?p=1753\" \/>\n<link rel=\"next\" href=\"https:\/\/gazetteer-day.com\/?p=1753&page=2\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Um\u011bl\u00e1 inteligence vysv\u011btlila p\u0159edstavivost - gazetteer-day.com\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"V\u011bdci z University College London (UCL) vysv\u011btlili, jak je lidsk\u00fd mozek schopen p\u0159edstavivosti a jakou roli v n\u00ed hraje epizodick\u00e1 pam\u011b\u0165. 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